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Right of superficies (sections 1410 to 1416 Civil and Commercial Code) in Thailand is a civil law real estate right. In France it is called ‘droit de superficie’, in Germany it is called ‘Erbbaurecht’ and in the Netherlands it is called ‘recht van opstal’. The effect of the right of superficies in these countries is the same; it grants the superficiarius (meaning the person granted the right of superficies) the right to build and own buildings, structures or plantations upon land belonging to another person. The superficies agreement specifies the terms under which the right is granted, and by registration at the Land Department’s provincial or local branch office it legally separates ownership of the land and everything on land. The right of superficies in Thailand is limited to a period of time of up to 30 years or for the life of the owner of the land or the life of the superficiarius. The person in the agreement granted the right of superficies obtains ownership over the building without obtaining or having ownership rights in the land. A superficies in Thailand will be allowed before construction or during the construction of a building, generally not for an existing building unless the building officially transferred and transfer taxes and fees have been paid.

Litigation involves bringing controversies to the proper forum for the resolution of issues. While representation is not mandatory in a few cases, the assistance of a Thai counsel is indispensable in most. This holds true not only for Thai litigants, but for foreign parties most especially. Aside from assurance that all legal rights and defenses are made available to the litigant, he is likewise given a “voice” in a forum where all proceedings are conducted in a language that may be foreign to him.

Under Thailand labour law an employee is entitled to annual sick leave of 30 working days per year, with full pay. In addition to sick-leave, a pregnant woman is entitled to 90 days of maternity leave (inclusive of holidays), including 45 work days at full pay. Employment termination with cause (in which event the employer can terminate employment without notice and/or compensation) is governed by the provisions of Section 583 of the Civil and Commercial Code and Section 119 of the Labour Protection Act, and includes gross negligence, willful disobedience, dishonesty or criminal act. When there is employment termination without cause, it is compulsory under employment laws that the employer make severance payment (in addition to notice) to the employee according to the length of unbroken service.

In case foreign freehold units in a condominium project are no longer available the remaining units may be leased to foreigners. Normal hire of property laws apply to the lease of a condo by foreigners. There is no separate law issued regulating the lease or rent of condominium units by foreigners as opposed to buying a condominium. Foreign ownership only exists in a condominium registered and licensed under the Thailand Condominium Act. Common in the tourist areas of Thailand are apartment buildings not registered and licensed as a condominium. These apartment buildings are basically like any other building and the owner can rent out parts of his building under his own terms and conditions. Unregistered apartment buildings could for example be sold as a kind of time sharing in which the units are sold through leases to many different parties each having a specified block of time during which they may use the apartment. We have helped a growing number of clients find the right lawyer for their specific case in Thailand. Using a lawyer requires both trust and reliability. That is why the lawyers in our partner program undergo an admission process to ensure our network only consists of the best English-speaking lawyers in Thailand. Our extensive network of lawyers helps us find the ideal lawyers for your specific case. See more info on https://3lawyersthailand.com/.